Kit: Ngongo Mbata Kongo Kingdom (NGO001)

What is my Ancient Sample Breakdown?
Your DNA matches many ancient individuals from history. This chart represents a union of all your matching samples and their own individual classification. The displayed result is your personalized ancestral breakdown.

The Khoisan represent the indigenous peoples of Southern Africa combining the Khoekhoen and the San peoples who are believed to have populated the region before the Bantu expansion about 1500-2000 years ago. The language is full of click consonants and split into three separate and unrelated language families. The San are thought to be the foragers in the Kalahari Desert and regions of Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho and South Africa. The Khoekhoe peoples may represent late Stone Age arrivals to Southern Africa, possibly displaced by the arrival of the Bantu. Interestingly the linguistic influence of the Khoisan seems to have influenced the Xhosa and Zulu languages which adopted click consonants. The original ancestors of the Khoisan are thought to have expanded to Southern Africa as early as 260,000 years ago.



The Yoruba people are an African ethnic group that inhabits western Africa. They developed out of earlier Mesolithic Volta-Niger populations by the first millennium BC. The Yoruba were the dominant cultural force in southern Nigeria as far back as the 11th century. Centuries before the arrival of colonials, the Yoruba already lived in well structured urban centres organized around powerful city-states. In ancient times, many of these cities were fortresses with high walls and gates and ranked among the most populous in Africa. Archaeological findings indicate the capital of the Yoruba empire had a population of over 100,000 people. Today Lagos, another major Yoruba city, has a population of over twenty million. The dynasty of kings at Ife-Ife, which is regarded by the Yoruba as the origin of human civilization, remains intact to this day. Ife continues to be seen as the spiritual homeland of the Yoruba.

Yoruba + Khoisan (0.941)
Khoisan (1.16)
Yoruba

What do these numbers mean?
Genetic distance measures how close you are to a given sample.10 means this is your ancient ancestry
20 means this is part of your ancestral link
30 means possibly related to your ancestry

Your closest genetic modern populations...

What do these numbers mean?
Genetic distance measures how close you are to a given modern population. Many modern populations are surprisingly close to another, which is often due to true common ancestry.5 means you are close to this population
10 means you could fit into this population
15 means a related population


1. Yoruban (1.800)
2. Bantu (3.310)
3. Lemba (3.802)
4. Mandenka (5.366)
5. Sub-Saharian (5.546)
6. Yoruba (5.546)
7. Bantu_S.W. (10.58)
8. Bantu_S.E. (12.96)


PCA Visualization
PCA (Principal Component Analysis) is a statistical procedure that lets you visualize relationships in sets of data.
It is ideally suited for visualizing genetic distance and relatedness among samples and populations.

Your DNA is the red star.
Modern populations are shown as blue and gray circles.
This plot helps you understand how you fit with modern populations.

If you are primarily from a single background you should appear near your closest populations.
If you are a mix of 2+ populations you tend to appear directly between the dots.



DNA SPOTLIGHT SAMPLE MATCHES

Kingdom of Makuria

Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18511 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: L3f1a1Genetic Distance: 93.157
Sample Match! (New sample - try later to compare to other users)
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18518 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: L1b1a2aGenetic Distance: 94.447
Sample Match! (New sample - try later to compare to other users)
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18519 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: J2a2eGenetic Distance: 91.181
Sample Match! (New sample - try later to compare to other users)
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18521 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: N1b1a2Genetic Distance: 89.576
Sample Match! (New sample - try later to compare to other users)
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18525 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: U5b2b5Genetic Distance: 99.081
Sample Match! (New sample - try later to compare to other users)
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18510 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: H2aGenetic Distance: 70.555
Sample Match! 2% closer than other users
Kulubnarti Makurian Nubia I6257 (810 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: L2a1d1
Y-DNA Haplogroup: J1a2b2b (FGC29938)Genetic Distance: 84.792
Sample Match! 1% closer than other users
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18522 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: L2a1d1Genetic Distance: 85.467
Sample Match! 1% closer than other users
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18514 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: H2a
Y-DNA Haplogroup: E1b1b1a1a1c (CTS693)Genetic Distance: 86.787
Sample Match! 1% closer than other users
Kulubnarti Makurian Nubia I6256 (810 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: L2a1d1Genetic Distance: 87.486
Sample Match! 1% closer than other users
Kulubnarti Early Makurian Nubia I18508 (750 AD)

mtDNA Haplogroup: U5b2b5
Y-DNA Haplogroup: E1b1b1a1a1b1a1 (FGC14382)Genetic Distance: 88.998
Sample Match! 1% closer than other users

Mummies from the Middle, Late and Ptolemaic Kingdoms

Khnum-Nakht Ancient Egypt KhnumNakht (1800 BC)

mtDNA Haplogroup: M1a1
Y-DNA Haplogroup: UncertainGenetic Distance: 7.5491
Sample Match! 99% closer than other users


For all the ancient samples we have which match your kit, we have collected the mtDNA and y-DNA haplogroups and combined them into a chart.
This chart is a personalized estimation of your haplogroup ancestry - e.g. your Ancient Ancestors collectively may have the haplogroups distributed as shown!


This is Y-DNA distribution of all the samples which match this kit






E1b 34.6%

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_520)
Total shared SNPs: 102.0
Largest SNP chain: 102.0
mtDNA: L2b1a3
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_344)
Total shared SNPs: 102.0
Largest SNP chain: 102.0
mtDNA:L3e1a3a
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_253)
Total shared SNPs: 117.0
Largest SNP chain: 117.0
mtDNA:L2a1f1
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_245)
Total shared SNPs: 103.0
Largest SNP chain: 103.0
mtDNA:L0a1b2a
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Xaro Botswana
850 AD (XAR001)
Total shared SNPs: 118.0
Largest SNP chain: 118.0
mtDNA:L3e1a2
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1a1c1a1a3

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_499)
Total shared SNPs: 118.0
Largest SNP chain: 118.0
mtDNA:L1b1a10
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland
1810 AD (I8095)
Total shared SNPs: 206.0
Largest SNP chain: 104.0
mtDNA:L2a1+143+16309
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1a1c2c

J 29.5%

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I19419)
Genetic Distance: 8.97
mtDNA:L3f1b1a1
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I19417)
Genetic Distance: 9.394
mtDNA:L3e3a
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I19413)
Genetic Distance: 9.402
mtDNA:L1b1a
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2d2b

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1585 AD (I19381)
Genetic Distance: 9.483
mtDNA:L2a1a
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2d2b

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I19401)
Genetic Distance: 10.18
mtDNA:L0a2a2a
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2d2b

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I23660)
Genetic Distance: 10.59
mtDNA:L3d1a
Y-DNA:J

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1585 AD (I19386)
Genetic Distance: 10.67
mtDNA:L3e3a
Y-DNA:J1

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I17412)
Genetic Distance: 11.11
mtDNA:L0a2a1a2
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2d2b

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I17409)
Genetic Distance: 11.39
mtDNA:M30d1
Y-DNA:J1a2a1a2d2b

Medieval Kenya Manda Swahili Lamu Manda
1550 AD (I7939)
Genetic Distance: 12.32
mtDNA:?
Y-DNA:J2

R1a 14.9%

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I19420)
Genetic Distance: 8.536
mtDNA:L3e1d1
Y-DNA:R1a1a1

Medieval Coastal Kenya Mtwapa
1600 AD (I19416)
Genetic Distance: 8.635
mtDNA:L3b1a1a
Y-DNA:R1a1a1

Medieval Tanzania Songo Mnara
1340 AD (I19551)
Genetic Distance: 12.95
mtDNA:L3e3a
Y-DNA:R1a

Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland
1810 AD (I15342)
Genetic Distance: 13.99
mtDNA:J1b1a1a
Y-DNA:R1a1a1

Saka Scythian Tian Shan
700 BC (CSP004)
Genetic Distance: 18.9
mtDNA:?
Y-DNA:R1a1a1b2a2a3b

Early Xiongnu Salkhityn Am Mongolia
125 BC (SKT009)
Genetic Distance: 18.94
mtDNA:I1a
Y-DNA:R1a1a1b (R-Z647; R-Z645)


Ancient Egypt 57.4%

Taukome Botswana Iron Age Sample #28
950 AD (TAU001)
Genetic Distance: 1.551
mtDNA:L0d3b1
Y-DNA:E1b1a1

Medieval Tanzania Songo Mnara Sample #108
1430 AD (I19548)
Genetic Distance: 7.091
mtDNA:L3e2b
Y-DNA:E1b1a1

Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland Sample #155
1810 AD (I15341)
Genetic Distance: 11.21
mtDNA:L2c
Y-DNA:E1b1a1
You E1b


House of Manfredi 4.27%

Avar Elite Hungary Rakoczifalva Sample #411
650 AD (RKC028)
Genetic Distance: 19.0
mtDNA:H92
Y-DNA:J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1e

Avar Elite Hungary Rakoczifalva Sample #418
650 AD (RKC038)
Genetic Distance: 19.02
mtDNA:D4j+16311
Y-DNA:J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1e

Migration Period Hungary Rakoczifalva Sample #438
650 AD (RKF157)
Genetic Distance: 19.07
mtDNA:M8a2b
Y-DNA:J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1e

Migration Period Hungary Rakoczifalva Sample #459
650 AD (RKF127)
Genetic Distance: 19.1
mtDNA:H27
Y-DNA:J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1e

Migration Period Hungary Rakoczifalva Sample #466
650 AD (RKF198)
Genetic Distance: 19.11
mtDNA:J1b1a1
Y-DNA:J2b2a1a1a1a1a1a1e


House of Lippe Detmold 0.70%

Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland Sample #75
1810 AD (I8096)
Genetic Distance: 4.179
mtDNA:L3e1
Y-DNA:R1b1a1b1a1a2c1

Elite Prince Celtic Germany Eberdingen-Hochdorf Biegel Sample #622
515 BC (HOC001)
Genetic Distance: 19.33
mtDNA:J1b1a1
Y-DNA:R1b1a1b1a1

Clan Armstrong 0.70%

Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland Sample #75
1810 AD (I8096)
Genetic Distance: 4.179
mtDNA:L3e1
Y-DNA:R1b1a1b1a1a2c1

Elite Prince Celtic Germany Eberdingen-Hochdorf Biegel Sample #622
515 BC (HOC001)
Genetic Distance: 19.33
mtDNA:J1b1a1
Y-DNA:R1b1a1b1a1

House of Hesse 0.41%

Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland Sample #75
1810 AD (I8096)
Genetic Distance: 4.179
mtDNA:L3e1
Y-DNA:R1b1a1b1a1a2c1

(These are your matching samples which have related Y-DNA haplogroups)

E1b - E1b (P177/PF1939)

Royal haplogroup: E1b1a
MATCH! Subclade distance: 2

Ancient Egypt
Ramesses III (1217 BC-1155 BC)



mtDNA: L3a2a
Y-DNA: E1b1b1a1a1 (V12/Z1216) ISOGG 2020

Royal haplogroup: E1b1b1a1a1c1
MATCH! Subclade distance: 2


House of Howard
Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443-1524)



mtDNA: H2a
Y-DNA: E1b1b1a1a1c (CTS693) ISOGG 2020
Royal haplogroup: E1b1b1a1a1c1b1
MATCH! Subclade distance: 3


Clan Roche
Adam de Rupe (1200)
David Roche 1st Viscount Roche of Fermoy (1635)

Royal haplogroup: E1b1b1a1a1c1
MATCH! Subclade distance: 1


House of Howard
Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443-1524)


This is mtDNA distribution of all the samples which match this kit





L 55.9%


Philpadelphia Cholera Victim
1843 AD (309013)
Genetic Distance: 4.886
mtDNA:L3d1b3

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_347)
Total shared SNPs: 114.0
Largest SNP chain: 114.0
mtDNA:L2a1f

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_520)
Total shared SNPs: 102.0
Largest SNP chain: 102.0
mtDNA:L2b1a3
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_344)
Total shared SNPs: 102.0
Largest SNP chain: 102.0
mtDNA:L3e1a3a
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_358)
Total shared SNPs: 102.0
Largest SNP chain: 102.0
mtDNA:L3f1b1a
Y-DNA:G2-L156

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_284)
Total shared SNPs: 106.0
Largest SNP chain: 106.0
mtDNA:L1b1a10b

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_253)
Total shared SNPs: 117.0
Largest SNP chain: 117.0
mtDNA:L2a1f1
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_245)
Total shared SNPs: 103.0
Largest SNP chain: 103.0
mtDNA:L0a1b2a
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Xaro Botswana
850 AD (XAR001)
Total shared SNPs: 118.0
Largest SNP chain: 118.0
mtDNA:L3e1a2
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1a1c1a1a3

Deep Dive Liberated Slave Trade Victim St. Helena Ruperts Valley
1848 AD (STH_499)
Total shared SNPs: 118.0
Largest SNP chain: 118.0
mtDNA:L1b1a10
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1

Deep Dive Enslaved Adult Female Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland
1810 AD (I8097)
Total shared SNPs: 451.0
Largest SNP chain: 191.0
mtDNA:L3e1

Deep Dive Enslaved Laborer Catoctin Iron-Working Furnace Antebellum Maryland
1810 AD (I8095)
Total shared SNPs: 206.0
Largest SNP chain: 104.0
mtDNA:L2a1+143+16309
Y-DNA:E1b1a1a1a1c2c